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Browsing by Subject "Human immunodeficiency virus infection"

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    • Article  

      Architectural insight into inovirus-associated vectors (IAVs) and development of IAV-based vaccines inducing humoral and cellular responses: Implications in HIV-1 vaccines 

      Hassapis, K. A.; Stylianou, Dora C.; Kostrikis, Leontios G. (2014)
      Inovirus-associated vectors (IAVs) are engineered, non-lytic, filamentous bacteriophages that are assembled primarily from thousands of copies of the major coat protein gp8 and just five copies of each of the four minor ...

    • Article  

      Assessing the secular trends in the transmission of HIV in Greece 

      Tsantes, Argirio E.; Nikolopoulos, Georgios K.; Masgala, Aikaterini; Paraskeva, D. (2005)
      Objective: To evaluate the current trends in HIV transmission in Greece. Methods: A retrospective study of HIV infected individuals reported to the Hellenic Center for Infectious Diseases Control (HCIDC) was conducted. ...

    • Article  

      CCR5 promoter polymorphisms in a Kenyan perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cohort: Association with increased 2-year maternal mortality 

      John, G. C.; Bird, T.; Overbaugh, J.; Nduati, R.; Mbori-Ngacha, D.; Rostron, T.; Dong, T.; Kostrikis, Leontios G.; Richardson, B.; Rowland-Jones, S. L. (2001)
      The CCR5 chemokine receptor acts as a coreceptor with CD4 to permit infection by primary macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains. The CCR5Δ32 mutation, which is associated with resistance to ...

    • Article  

      Cellular HIV-1 DNA levels in drug sensitive strains are equivalent to those in drug resistant strains in newly-diagnosed patients in Europe 

      Demetriou, Victoria L.; van de Vijver, D. A. M. C.; Kousiappa, Ioanna; Balotta, Claudia; Clotet, B.; Grossman, Z.; Jørgensen, L. B.; Lepej, S. Z.; Levy, I.; Nielsen, C.; Paraskevis, Dimitrios N.; Poljak, M.; Roman, F.; Ruiz, L.; Schmidt, J. -C; Vandamme, A. -M; van Laethem, K. V.; Vercauteren, J.; Kostrikis, Leontios G. (2010)
      Background HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance is an important threat to the success of antiretroviral therapy and transmitted resistance has reached 9% prevalence in Europe. Studies have demonstrated that HIV-1 DNA load in ...

    • Article  

      Cellular HIV-1 DNA load predicts HIV-RNA rebound and the outcome of highly active antiretroviral therapy 

      Hatzakis, Angelos E.; Touloumi, G.; Pantazis, N.; Anastassopoulou, C. G.; Katsarou, O.; Karafoulidou, A.; Goedert, J. J.; Kostrikis, Leontios G. (2004)
      Objective: To assess whether cellular HIV-1 DNA prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation predicts its outcome. Design and methods: Patients included all 51 hemophiliacs of the Greek component of the ...

    • Article  

      Changes in T Cell Receptor Excision DNA Circle (TREC) Levels in HIV Type 1-Infected Subjects Pre- and Post-Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy 

      Touloumi, G.; Pantazis, N.; Karafoulidou, A.; Mandalaki, T.; Goedert, J. J.; Kostrikis, Leontios G.; Hatzakis, Angelos E. (2004)
      The T cell receptor excision DNA circle (TREC) level is an independent predictor of HIV-1 disease prognosis. We studied the temporal changes in TREC levels prior to and after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) ...

    • Article  

      Condom effectiveness in reducing heterosexual HIV transmission: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on HIV serodiscordant couples 

      Giannou, Foteini K.; Tsiara, Chrissa G.; Nikolopoulos, Georgios K.; Talias, M.; Benetou, Vasiliki; Kantzanou, Maria; Bonovas, Stefanos; Hatzakis, A. (2016)
      Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to reassess the effectiveness of condoms in reducing heterosexual transmission of HIV. Methods: Medline, Scopus, and the ISI Web of Science databases were searched ...

    • Article  

      CXCR4 mediates entry and productive infection of syncytia-inducing (x4) hiv-1 strains in primary macrophages 

      Valentin, A.; Trivedi, H.; Lu, W.; Kostrikis, Leontios G.; Pavlakis, G. N. (2000)
      CCR5 and CXCR4 are the main coreceptors for non-syncytia-inducing (NSI) and syncytia-inducing (SI) HIV-1 strains, respectively. NSI HIV-1 isolates do not infect either human lymphoid or monocytoid cell lines, and this ...

    • Article  

      Economic recession and emergence of an HIV-1 outbreak among drug injectors in Athens metropolitan area: A longitudinal study 

      Paraskeva, D.; Nikolopoulos, Georgios K.; Fotiou, Anastasios; Tsiara, Chrissa G.; Paraskeva, D.; Sypsa, V.; Lazanas, Marios; Gargalianos, Panagiotis; Psichogiou, M.; Skoutelis, A.; Wiessing, L.; Friedman, Samuel R.; Jarlais, Don C. Des; Terzidou, M.; Kremastinou, Jenny; Malliori-Minerva, Melpomeni; Hatzakis, A. (2013)
      Background: During 2011, a dramatic increase (1600%) of reported HIV-1 infections among injecting drug users (IDUs) was noted in Athens, Greece. We herein assess the potential causal pathways associated with this outbreak. ...

    • Article  

      Effect of hepatitis C virus on immunological and virological responses in HIV-infected patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy: A meta-analysis 

      Tsiara, Chrissa G.; Nikolopoulos, Georgios K.; Dimou, Niki L.; Bagos, Pantelis G.; Saroglou, G.; Velonakis, E.; Hatzakis, A. (2013)
      Co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is rather common. In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), viral hepatitis could result in adverse outcomes in HIV+ patients. ...

    • Article  

      Effect of recent thymic emigrants on progression of HIV-1 disease 

      Hatzakis, Angelos E.; Touloumi, G.; Karanicolas, R.; Karafoulidou, A.; Mandalaki, T.; Anastassopoulou, C. G.; Zhang, L.; Goedert, J. J.; Ho, David D.; Kostrikis, Leontios G. (2000)
      Background. The concentration of T-cell receptor-rearrangement excision DNA circles (TREC) in peripheral-blood T cells is a marker of recent thymic emigrant αβ T cells. We studied the predictive ability of measurements of ...

    • Article  

      Effects of CCR5-Δ32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3′ a alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data 

      Ioannidis, J. P. A.; Rosenberg, P. S.; Goedert, J. J.; Ashton, L. J.; Benfield, T. L.; Buchbinder, S. P.; Coutinho, R. A.; Eugen-Olsen, J.; Gallart, T.; Katzenstein, T. L.; Kostrikis, Leontios G.; Kuipers, H.; Louie, L. G.; Mallal, S. A.; Margolick, J. B.; Martinez, O. P.; Meyer, L.; Michael, N. L.; Operskalski, E.; Pantaleo, G.; Rizzardi, G. P.; Schuitemaker, H.; Sheppard, H. W.; Stewart, G. J.; Theodorou, I. D.; Ullum, H.; Vicenzi, E.; Vlahov, D.; Wilkinson, D.; Workman, C.; Zagury, J. -F; O'Brien, T. R. (2001)
      Background: Studies relating certain chemokine and chemokine receptor gene alleles with the outcome of HIV-1 infection have yielded inconsistent results. Objective: To examine postulated associations of genetic alleles ...

    • Article  

      Emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in patients undergoing structured treatment interruptions 

      Schweighardt, B.; Ortiz, G. M.; Grant, R. M.; Wellons, M.; Miralles, G. D.; Kostrikis, Leontios G.; Bartlett, J. A.; Nixon, D. F. (2002)
      We report the emergence of drug-resistant viral mutations in chronically HIV-infected individuals undergoing structured treatment interruptions (STI). The protease mutation M46L and the reverse transcriptase mutations K101E ...

    • Article  

      Emergence of Minor Populations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Carrying the M184V and L90M Mutations in Subjects Undergoing Structured Treatment Interruptions 

      Metzner, K. J.; Bonhoeffer, S.; Fischer, M.; Karanicolas, R.; Allers, K.; Joos, B.; Weber, R.; Hirschel, B.; Kostrikis, Leontios G.; Günthard, H. F. (2003)
      The use of structured treatment interruption (STI) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects is currently being studied as an alternative therapeutic strategy for HIV-1. The potential risk for selection of ...

    • Article  

      Epidemiology of aids defining conditions in Greece 

      Masgala, Aikaterini; Nikolopoulos, Georgios K.; Tsantes, Argirio E.; Paraskeva, D. (2004)
      Objective: To examine the secular trends of all AIDS opportunistic infections to occur first (Ols) in Greece, by year, by gender and by mode of transmission. Methods: The study included all AIDS defining conditions reported ...

    • Article  

      Evidence for recent selection of the CCR5-Δ32 deletion from differences in its frequency between Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews 

      Maayan, S.; Zhang, L.; Shinar, E.; Ho, J.; He, T.; Manni, N.; Kostrikis, Leontios G.; Neumann, A. U. (2000)
      Recent studies have shown higher frequencies of the CCR5-Δ32 allele and the CCR5-A32/Δ32 genotype, which confers protection against HIV infection, in northern Europe as compared to Mediterranean countries. Here, we analyse ...

    • Article  

      Evidence of two distinct subsubtypes within the HIV-1 subtype A radiation 

      Gao, F.; Vidal, N.; Li, Y.; Trask, S. A.; Chen, Y.; Kostrikis, Leontios G.; Ho, David D.; Kim, J.; Oh, M. -D; Choe, K.; Salminen, M.; Robertson, D. L.; Shaw, G. M.; Hahn, B. H.; Peeters, M. (2001)
      Members of HIV-1 group M are responsible for the vast majority of AIDS cases worldwide and have been classified on the basis of their phylogenetic relationships into nine roughly equidistant clades, termed subtypes. Although ...

    • Article  

      Genetic analysis of HIV type 1 strains from newly infected untreated patients in cyprus: high genetic diversity and low prevalence of drug resistance. 

      Kousiappa, Ioanna; van de Vijver, D. A.; Demetriades, Ioannis; Kostrikis, Leontios G. (2009)
      Abstract The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 infection was first studied in Cyprus in the mid-1990s, but the extent of HIV-1 diversity and the prevalence of drug resistance have remained elusive. In an effort to address ...

    • Article  

      Global genetic variation of HIV-1 infection 

      Anastassopoulou, C. G.; Kostrikis, Leontios G. (2006)
      Variability, both at the population (interhost) as well as at the individual (intrahost) level is a key property of HIV that stems mainly from the inherent infidelity of the reverse transcriptase enzyme that the virus uses ...

    • Article  

      HBV-DNA levels predict overall mortality in HIV/HBV coinfected individuals 

      Nikolopoulos, Georgios K.; Paraskeva, D.; Psichogiou, M.; Hatzakis, A. (2016)
      The coinfection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been associated with increased death rates. However, the relevant research has mostly relied on serologic HBV testing [HBV surface antigen ...

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