Browsing by Subject "gene expression"

Article

Arginine methylation at histone H3R2 controls deposition of H3K4 trimethylation

Kirmizis, Antonis; Santos-Rosa, H.; Penkett, C. J.; Singer, M. A.; Vermeulen, M.; Mann, M.; Bähler, J.; Green, R. D.; Kouzarides, T. (2007)

Modifications on histones control important biological processes through their effects on chromatin structure. Methylation at lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4) is found at the 5′ end of active genes and contributes to ...

Article

The bacterial metabolite 2-aminoacetophenone promotes association of pathogenic bacteria with flies

Kapsetaki, Stefania Elisavet; Tzelepis, Ilias; Avgousti, Kalodoti; Livadaras, Ioannis; Garantonakis, Nikos G.; Varikou, Kyriaki N.; Apidianakis, Yiorgos (2014)

Bacteria contaminate insects and secrete metabolites that may affect insect behaviour and potentially fitness through unknown mechanisms. Here we show that the 'grape-like' odorant 2-aminoacetophenone (2AA), secreted by ...

Article

Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa L.) protects against menadione-induced DNA damage through scavenging of reactive oxygen species: Bioassay-directed isolation and characterization of active principles

Burdette, J. E.; Chen, S. -N; Lu, Z. -Z; Xu, H.; White, B. E. P.; Fabricant, D. S.; Liu, J.; Fong, H. H. S.; Farnsworth, N. R.; Constantinou, Andreas I.; Van Breemen, R. B.; Pezzuto, J. M.; Bolton, J. L. (2002)

The roots/rhizomes of Cimicifuga racemosa L. (Nutt.) (black cohosh) have traditionally been used to treat menopausal symptoms through an unknown mechanism of action. In an effort to determine if black cohosh had additional ...

Article

Caspase-independent pathways of programmed cell death: The unraveling of new targets of cancer therapy?

Constantinou, Constantina; Papas, Konstantinos A.; Constantinou, Andreas I. (2009)

In the past few years, accumulating evidence in the literature supports the existence of pathways of caspase-independent programmed cell death (CI-PCD). These pathways are likely to be acting as 'death backup systems' that ...

Article

Coexpression of H2-Mb and H2-Ab genes during fetal and postnatal development

Georgiades, Pantelis; Kieszkiewicz, J.; Rozycka, M.; Brickell, P. M.; Lund, T. (1996)

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-like molecules, H2-M, have an essential role in processing and presentation of antigens by the MHC class II molecules, because functional inactivation of these genes lead ...

Article

Comparative developmental anatomy of the murine and human definitive placentae

Georgiades, Pantelis; Fergyson-Smith, A. C.; Burton, G. J. (2002)

The placenta of eutherian mammals is a remarkable biological structure. It is composed of both zygote-derived and maternal cells, and mediates the complex interactions between the mother and the fetus that are necessary ...

Article

Composition and histone substrates of polycomb repressive group complexes change during cellular differentiation

Kuzmichev, A.; Margueron, R.; Vaquero, A.; Preissner, T. S.; Scher, M.; Kirmizis, Antonis; Ouyang, X.; Brockdorff, N.; Abate-Shen, C.; Farnham, P.; Reinberg, D. (2005)

Changes in the substrate specificities of factors that irreversibly modify the histone components of chromatin are expected to have a profound effect on gene expression through epigenetics. Ezh2 is a histone-lysine ...

Article

Cross-talk among epigenetic modifications: Lessons from histone arginine methylation

Molina-Serrano, D.; Schiza, V.; Kirmizis, Antonis (2013)

Epigenetic modifications, including those occurring on DNA and on histone proteins, control gene expression by establishing and maintaining different chromatin states. In recent years, it has become apparent that epigenetic ...

Article

Depletion of histone N-terminal-acetyltransferase Naa40 induces p53-independent apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway

Pavlou, Demos; Kirmizis, Antonis (2016)

Protein N-terminal acetylation is an abundant post-translational modification in eukaryotes implicated in various fundamental cellular and biochemical processes. This modification is catalysed by evolutionarily conserved ...

Article

Differential expression of the rat retinoid X receptor γ gene during skeletal muscle differentiation suggests a role in myogenesis

Georgiades, Pantelis; Brickell, P. M. (1997)

Even though previous studies have shown that transcripts encoding the murine retinoid X receptor γ (RXRγ) are present in skeletal muscle of mouse embryos and that cultured myoblasts are induced to differentiate upon retinoid ...

Article

Direct conversion of mouse embryonic fibroblasts into functional keratinocytes through transient expression of pluripotency-related genes

Iacovides, D.; Rizki, G.; Lapathitis, Georgios; Strati, K. (2016)

The insufficient ability of specialized cells such as neurons, cardiac myocytes, and epidermal cells to regenerate after tissue damage poses a great challenge to treat devastating injuries and ailments. Recent studies ...

Article

Distinct transcriptional outputs associated with mono- and dimethylated histone H3 arginine 2

Kirmizis, Antonis; Santos-Rosa, H.; Penkett, C. J.; Singer, M. A.; Green, R. D.; Kouzarides, T. (2009)

Dimethylation of histone H3 Arg2 (H3R2me2) maintains transcriptional silencing by inhibiting Set1 mediated trimethylation of H3K4. Here we demonstrate that Arg2 is also monomethylated (H3R2me1) in yeast but that its ...

Article

Down-regulation of glutatione S-transferase α 4 (hGSTA4) in the muscle of thermally injured patients is indicative of susceptibility to bacterial infection

Apidianakis, Yiorgos; Que, Y. -A; Xu, W.; Tegos, G. P.; Zimniak, P.; Hamblin, M. R.; Tompkins, R. G.; Xiao, W.; Rahme, L. G. (2012)

Patients with severe burns are highly susceptible to bacterial infection. While immunosuppression facilitates infection, the contribution of soft tissues to infection beyond providing a portal for bacterial entry remains ...

Article

Drosophila melanogaster as a model for human intestinal infection and pathology

Apidianakis, Yiorgos; Rahme, L. G. (2011)

Recent findings concerning Drosophila melanogaster intestinal pathology suggest that this model is well suited for the study of intestinal stem cell physiology during aging, stress and infection. Despite the physiological ...

Article

Ectopic expression of individual E(spl) genes has differential effects on different cell fate decisions and underscores the biphasic requirement for Notch activity in wing margin establishment in Drosophila

Ligoxygakis, P.; Bray, S. J.; Apidianakis, Yiorgos; Delidakis, Christos (1999)

A common consequence of Notch signalling in Drosophila is the transcriptional activation of seven Enhancer of split [E(spl)] genes, which encode a family of closely related basic-helix-loop-helix transcriptional repressors. ...

Article

Ets2-dependent trophoblast signalling is required for gastrulation progression after primitive streak initiation

Polydorou, Christiana; Georgiades, Pantelis (2013)

Although extraembryonic ectoderm trophoblast signals the embryo for primitive streak initiation, a prerequisite for gastrulation, it is unknown whether it also signals for the progression of gastrulation after primitive ...

Article

Exploiting position effects and the gypsy retrovirus insulator to engineer precisely expressed transgenes

Markstein, M.; Pitsouli, Chrysoula; Villalta, C.; Celniker, S. E.; Perrimon, N. (2008)

A major obstacle to creating precisely expressed transgenes lies in the epigenetic effects of the host chromatin that surrounds them. Here we present a strategy to overcome this problem, employing a Gal4-inducible luciferase ...

Article

Genetic evidence for a trans-heterozygous model for cystogenesis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Koptides, Michael; Mean, R.; Demetriou, Kyproula; Pierides, Alkis M.; Constantinou-Deltas, Constantinos D. (2000)

Polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a condition with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and adult onset. Two forms of the disease, ADPKD1 and ADPKD2, caused by mutations in PKD1 and PKD2, respectively, are very ...

Article

Guest Editorial IEEE BHI 2016

Redmond, S.; Liang, J.; Pattichis, Constantinos S. (2017)

Article

Histone H3 tail clipping regulates gene expression

Santos-Rosa, H.; Kirmizis, Antonis; Nelson, C.; Bartke, T.; Saksouk, N.; Cote, J.; Kouzarides, T. (2009)

Induction of gene expression in yeast and human cells involves changes in the histone modifications associated with promoters. Here we identify a histone H3 endopeptidase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that may ...