MicroRNAs in Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis and Therapeutic Implications

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains an enigmatic challenge in the field of neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by progressive cognitive decline and the accumulation of aberrant protein aggregates in the brain. This bibliographical review primarily discusses the role of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in AD pathogenesis and their potential use as diagnostic or therapeutic tools. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules, known for their regulatory roles in gene expression. The use of micro-RNAs has seen a dramatic increase recently; they are being explored both for diagnostic purposes for illness detection, risk assessment and prognosis, as well as for the development of novel therapeutic treatments. This review encompasses a comprehensive analysis of miRNA profiles in AD-affected brain tissues, exploring alterations in expression levels and identifying key miRNA players associated with disease progression. Special attention is given to understanding how miRNAs may influence the aberrant signaling pathways implicated in AD, shedding light on novel therapeutic targets. This review analyzes the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning Alzheimer's disease and indicates efforts for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions to halt or slow the progression of this devastating neurodegenerative disorder.