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dc.contributor.authorBagos, Pantelis G.en
dc.contributor.authorNikolopoulos, Georgios K.en
dc.contributor.authorIoannidis, A.en
dc.creatorBagos, Pantelis G.en
dc.creatorNikolopoulos, Georgios K.en
dc.creatorIoannidis, A.en
dc.date.accessioned2018-06-22T09:52:28Z
dc.date.available2018-06-22T09:52:28Z
dc.date.issued2006
dc.identifier.urihttps://gnosis.library.ucy.ac.cy/handle/7/41370
dc.description.abstractWe conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing the presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) between multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and other neurological diseases patients or healthy controls. We identified 26 studies with 1332 MS patients and 1464 controls. Using random-effects methods, MS patients were found more likely to have detectable levels of Cpn DNA (OR = 3.216; 95% Cl: 1.204, 8.585) in their cerebrospinal fluid, and intrathecally synthesized immunoglobulins (OR = 3.842; 95% Cl: 1.317, 11.212), compared to other patients with neurological diseases. There is no evidence for increased levels of serum immunoglobulins (OR = 1.068; 95% Cl: 0.745, 1.530), even though this result is confounded by the presence of studies using normal subjects as controls. Similarly, there is no evidence for association of immunoglobulins against Cpn in the cerebrospinal fluid (OR = 3.815; 95% Cl: 0.715, 20.369). Up to 59.7% of the between-studies variability could be explained by the inappropriate matching of cases and controls for gender. In random-effects meta-regressions, adjusting for the confounding effect of gender differences results in stronger and statistically significant associations of MS with detectable levels of Cpn DNA, intrathecally synthesized immunoglobulins and immunoglobulins in the cerebrospinal fluid. Even though the presence of Cpn is clearly more likely in MS patients, these findings are insufficient to establish an etiologic relation. © 2006 Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd.en
dc.language.isoengen
dc.sourceMultiple Sclerosisen
dc.subjectArticleen
dc.subjectMeta-analysisen
dc.subjectHumanen
dc.subjectHumansen
dc.subjectControlled studyen
dc.subjectMajor clinical studyen
dc.subjectStatistical significanceen
dc.subjectSystematic reviewen
dc.subjectRandom effectsen
dc.subjectMultiple sclerosisen
dc.subjectRisk assessmenten
dc.subjectRisk factorsen
dc.subjectRandomizationen
dc.subjectAntibodiesen
dc.subjectBacterialen
dc.subjectBacterial dnaen
dc.subjectCerebrospinal fluid analysisen
dc.subjectChlamydia pneumoniaeen
dc.subjectChlamydiasisen
dc.subjectChlamydophila infectionsen
dc.subjectChlamydophila pneumoniaeen
dc.subjectImmunoglobulinen
dc.subjectImmunoglobulin blood levelen
dc.subjectNeurologic diseaseen
dc.subjectSex differenceen
dc.titleChlamydia pneumoniae infection and the risk of multiple sclerosis: A meta-analysisen
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi10.1191/1352458506ms1291oa
dc.description.volume12
dc.description.issue4
dc.description.startingpage397
dc.description.endingpage411
dc.author.facultyΙατρική Σχολή / Medical School
dc.author.departmentΙατρική Σχολή / Medical School
dc.type.uhtypeArticleen
dc.contributor.orcidNikolopoulos, Georgios K.[0000-0002-3307-0246]
dc.contributor.orcidBagos, Pantelis G. [0000-0003-4935-2325]
dc.gnosis.orcid0000-0002-3307-0246
dc.gnosis.orcid0000-0003-4935-2325


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